Medical & Health // Discussion: Ethical Dimensions of Research Studies
Discussion: Ethical Dimensions of Research Studies
Healthcare providers are bound by principle of ethical standards. Ethics is the emphasis of the determination between right and wrong. In medical practice, it is the application of right and wrong or ethical norms to exhibit highest standard of honesty and integrity. Recognizing the implications and importance of healthcare providers to people and society, a set of fundamental canon for the fulfillment of duties are directed to them. Through this canon, nurse, physicians, and other healthcare providers demonstrate greater commitment to building their brainpower and feel the need of delivering the utmost honesty, impartiality, fairness, and equity, and dedication to the protection of the health, safety, and welfare of patients. The fundamental canons that they need to full in the performance of their professional practice listed in Code of Medical Ethics.
Building the relationships of trusts with patients is fundamental to ethical practice of medicine. Medical practitioners are expected to be respected, show integrity and competence in their profession to which enable the patients in meaningfully participate in decision making about health care. Ethics does not identify them as instrument of self-seeking, altruistic, otherwise something else, and make choices. It is clear; so to speak, that medical practitioners approach to decision making is not from anyone else’s idea but only based on the discretion of patients and their ethics.
A number of classical spectators noted the distinctive commitments of physicians to ethics, for instance, euthanasia that raises hard-hitting ethical resolution. Hauser, Tonnaerm and Cima, however, stressed that the major view to be considered is “that life is special – sacred – and no one should be able to end their own life or another’s; life ends, when it ends, naturally (2009, p. 149).” It is a societal concern to which underlying norms and values associated with ‘killing request.’ Accordingly, when the term used is ‘killing on request’ the correlation with euthanasia is a technical account of the performance, “based upon the procedure used – usually an injection of a barbiturate to induce coma, followed by the injection of a neuromuscular relaxant to stop respiration causing the patient to die (Materstved et al 2003, p. 97-98).”
Euthanasia assimilates the psychological and religious aspects of patients with life-threatening illness. Mental health experts can play roles in alleviating the physical pain and suffering of dying people and their loved ones. Health professionals become valuable aspects not only with clinical dimensions and setting but more on multidisciplinary factors influencing decisions to killing on request and, thus, providing quality end-of-life care. Werth et al (2002) indicate that loss is within the core of terminally ill person. The fact that ill-person faces fatalities that account to psychological affliction severe enough to prefer death. As such, the interventions of caregivers, mental health professionals, and families are highly significant to give positive effects on shifting and reducing the grief and depression. More so, psychosocial and psychodynamic integration may play in the decision making to end-of-life. Clinicians affirmed that dying individuals are more focused on their illnesses, in which affect their time and energy to fully explore the significant of life until the very end.
The ethical consideration in euthanasia must always be considered. The principle of justice is ought to be given to everyone and financial deficiency is no excuse to argue the hegemonic emphasis on the principle of autonomy. That is, whether patients agree to do the act or not. It is their autonomy rule. However, as there have countries that do not promote or even allow euthanasia or physician assisted suicide to be exercised in their country, patients have to be treated and lived to their very last hour. Life sustaining treatments and vegetative state must necessarily be administered and scientific advances must likewise be in connection and identical to clinical healing. Making to emphasize that there are natural means of preserving life. Racine (2010) urged that the sanctity of life and public reactions endorse for the advocacy of pro-life in the face of death. The probabilities of non-withdrawal of life may be given the dignity to live and sustain life with treatment and not befall on cessation or interruption of care such as withdrawing of nutrition and hydration that are considerably life support of ill person (Racine, 2010).
References
Hauser, M.D. Tonnaerm, F. and Cima, M. (2009). When Moral Intuitions Are Immune to the Law: A Case Study of Euthanasia and the Act-Omission Distinction in The Netherlands. Journal of Cognition and Culture 9 (2009): 149–169.
Materstvedt, L.J., Clark, D., Ellershaw, J. Førde, R., Gravgaard, A.B. Muller-Busch, Christof, Porta i Sales, Josep and Rapin, Charles-Henri. (2003). Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: a view from an EAPC Ethics Task Force. Palliative Medicine 17: 97-101.
Werth, J., Gordon JR, Johnson RR Jr. (2002). Psychosocial issues near the end of life. Aging Mental Health 6(4):402-12.
Racine, E., Bernat, C., Riopelle, J.L., Richard &Shemie, Sam D. (2010). Observations on the Ethical and Social Aspects of Disorders of Consciousness. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 37.6: 758-768.
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